Caffeine stimulates locomotor activity in the mammalian spinal cord via an A1/D1 receptor and PKA-dependent mechanisms.

Acevedo J, Santana-Almansa A, Matos-Vergara N, Marrero-Cordero LR, Cabezas-Bou E, Díaz-Ríos M
Neuropharmacology. 2016; 101 (Supplement C): 490–505. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.10.020